Are you sure that Stefansson ate RAW marrow, not COOKED marrow? Stefansson and various pro-cooked fanatics have suggested that Stefansson's experiment shows that raw is not necessary. If raw marrow was used, then there's a lot of hypocrisy in the above argument. As regards Stefansson's experiment, it wasn't all that watertight, judging from the fact that neither Stefansson nor his partner were properly observed for many months in the latter part of the test(according to Stefansson's own account), plus the experiment was only for one year, which is nowhere near enough to draw any conclusion of any kind - after all studies of Raw Vegans are usually done on people who've done such diets for many years.
Re marrow/vitamin C:- AFAIK, bone-marrow DOES contain vitamin C. Here's an excerpt from the Net:- "The activity of hepatic l-gulono- gamma -lactone oxidase, an enzyme responsible for vitamin C synthesis, corresponded well to the concentrations of vitamin C in the bone marrow and the plasma" taken from:-
http://grande.nal.usda.gov/ibids/index.php?mode2=detail&origin=ibids_references&therow=136133
http://tinyurl.com/6eyj8z
As regards vitamin C:- Pasteurised fruit-juices mostly only contain artificial doses of supplemented vitamin C, not natural vitamin C, as the pasteurisation destroys all or most of it, depending. Also, again from the Web:-"Vitamin C is the most easily destroyed vitamin there is. It is destroyed by oxygen, heat (above 70 degrees) and it leaks out into the cooking water because it is a water soluble vitamin." This is why any cooking of fruit or veg is not recommended by nutritionists, with the sole exception of steaming, as it's the least harmful of the cooking processes.
quote from stefansson study:
"The meat was usually cooked lightly and the bone marrow eaten raw."
http://www.jbc.org/cgi/reprint/87/3/651 The study about bone marrow that you quoted, talked about Vit. C levels in marrow,
and its health impact on the living animal. However, the quantity of Vit. C is probably so small, that it
is an insignificant contribution to the diet if the animal is killed and the marrow is eaten.
Here's nutritional info for caribou bone marrow (it says 0mg VitC in 100g raw marrow):
http://www.elook.org/nutrition/ethnic/5359.htmlAn example to illustrate my point: you can find studies that measure levels of glycogen in muscles
of animals, such as:
http://jap.physiology.org/cgi/content/abstract/01121.2007v1But the amount of glycogen in the muscles is so small, that it is an insignificant contribution to the diet
if the animal is killed and its muscles are eaten.
(i.e. muscle meat has almost zero carbs).
I looked at the nutrition info for a typical pure pasteurized orange juice:
http://www.presidentschoice.ca/FoodAndRecipes/GreatFood/ProductDetails.aspx/id/10115/name/PC100PureOrangeJuicePulpFree/catid/180The only ingredient is pasteurized orange juice.
There's 100% DV Vit.C in 250ml
Unless this is info about pre-pasteurized juice (I highly doubt this), there's quite a
lot of VitC left, even after pasteurization.